Shaanxi Provincial Transport Department，renamed on June 15th 2009 according to the notification about issuing the major responsibilities and structural establishment and personnel quota of SPTD, is in charge of business on highway and waterway transport industry directly under jurisdiction of Shaanxi Provincial Government.

SPTD has the major responsibilities: (1) drawing up policies and planning on highway development in Shaanxi, (2) guiding the system reform in the highway industry, (3) monitoring and supervising the market of both road and waterway transport as well as safety of waterway transportation, (5) putting forward the investment scale and orientation of fixed assets on highway and waterway in Shaanxi Province, (6) ratifying and approving fixed assets investment projects according to the authority of approval, (7) taking charge of operation management of toll highway, (8) financing funds for transport construction and supervising utilization of fund, (9) providing guidance for the safe production and emergency response management and so on.

According to the above responsibilities, SPT sets up 14 function divisions/offices of the administrative office, the human resources division, the headquarter CPC party committee, the law and regulation division, the planning division, the financial division, the high grade highway management division, the general road management division, the transportation management division, the safety supervision division, the science & technology division, the audit division, combat readiness office and the retiree affairs office. In addition, 10 transport bureaus have been established in 10 different prefectural cities as well as one traffic bureau in Yangling Agricultural Demonstration Zone. There are 26 institution/agencies directly under jurisdiction of SPTD, including Shaanxi Provincial Road Management Bureau, Shaanxi Provincial Expressway Construction Corporation, Shaanxi Provincial Traffic Construction Corporation, The Transportation Management Bureau of SPTD and The Shipping Bureau of SPTD.